Modeling and simulation of welded joints of SS304H & P91 Steels: A Review

Abstract

Most of the structures are fabricated by welded joints in various manufacturing units because of low cost and high strength. Welding process is largely used in almost all manufacturing units. Welded joints usually subject to welding deformation patterns. Welding deformation may lead to low dimensional accuracy, shape and aesthetics of the product, strength of the welded joint. Welding of two different materials having different mechanical properties is called dissimilar welding. Dissimilar welded joints are commonly used in power plants to connect martensitic steel components and austenitic stainless steel piping systems. Our approach involves conducting dissimilar welding on P91 and SS304H steels, and subsequently assessing the properties of the welded joints using simulation software. A 3-D thermal elastic plastic finite element computational process is designed to accurately forecast welding deformation by numerical method. Numerical and experimental outcomes were compared in terms of temperature distributions during welding and in terms of distortion. P91 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy known for its remarkable strength and exceptional resistance to high temperatures. Alloy SS304H represents an adaptation of the chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel. This variant, Grade 304H stainless steel, offers enhanced heat-resistant properties, increased tensile yield strength, and improved short- and long-term creep strength.