Modeling and Optimization of a Hospital Gas Turbine-Based Cogeneration System

Abstract

Abstract Hospitals are among the most energy-intensive commercial buildings in the service industry. Their energy demand is characterized by specific features, being operative 24 h a day, 365 days a year. Several activities performed inside the building require strict control of the indoor climate conditions to ensure comfort and security standards. They present complex HVAC systems, needing various energy forms like electricity and heat in the form of hot water, chilled water, and steam. Consequently, hospitals are ideal applications to exploit the cogeneration systems potential. Indeed, the number of hospitals using combined heat and power (CHP) systems has grown steadily in past years. Hospitals that use CHP take advantage of favorable rate structures and protect themselves from rising electricity prices. Since CHP uses waste heat to produce thermal energy for heating and cooling, hospitals using CHP systems are more energy-efficient, leading to a reduction in the global emissions connected to the hospital activity. The present study involves the development of a numerical model of the gas turbine-based cogeneration system installed in a hospital facility. The realized model has been used to define the system management strategies that enabled two achievements. The minimization of the main global emissions parameters of the system as CO and NOx and the maximization of operational CHP parameters as total efficiency and primary energy saving (PES). The present work describes in detail the realized model and its exploitation, leading to defining the optimal system management strategy based on control parameters applicable to the real test case management system.