MODELING and justification of indoor radon prevention and remediation measures in multi-storey apartment buildings

Abstract

In multi-storey buildings, Ra-226 in building materials is the main source of radon entry. Under low air exchange rate (e.g. in energy efficient buildings), radon concentration may exceed reference levels used for radiation protection purposes. Prevention and remediation measures of protection against indoor radon in situation when building materials are the main source of radon entry requires further development. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of various radon prevention and mitigation measures in multi-storey buildings under different climatic conditions. On the basis of a dynamic model of indoor radon entry and removing, the following measures were simulated: control over of Ra-226 content in building materials, increasing uncontrolled air infiltration, extending the duration of controlled ventilation, equipping the building with mechanical ventilation, increasing the air exchange rate in non-living premises of the building, and reducing air exchange between living rooms and non-livings premises. The costs of energy for heating associated with different radon prevention and remediation measures were estimated. The conclusion about the potential effectiveness of various measures was drawn by achievement of optimized level of radiation protection, degree of reduction in the radon exposure risk, and cost of heating.