Modelación de la distribución del oso andino Tremarctos ornatus en el bosque seco del Marañón (Perú)

Abstract

The Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) is a vulnerable species, his habitat is gradually fragmented by the expansion of human activities. In Peru, the Marañón dry forest, an ecoregion with little biological and ecological research, is the habitat of the species. Unfortunately, at the present time, it is being affected by agriculture, livestock and road construction, and soon will be threatened by the implementation of large scale economic activities, such as hydroelectric stations. In order to identify priority sectors for research and conservation of the Andean bear in the Marañón dry forest of Cajamarca and Amazonas regions, its habitat was modeled using MaxEnt algorithm. Sixty records of its presence as well as 6 environmental and climatic variables were used. Considering a total extension of 6,501.2km2 of Marañón dry forest, the suitable existing habitat for the Andean bear would be only 480.7km2 (7.4%) and the marginal existing habitat, 2,418.5km2 (37.2%). Three priority sectors for research and conservation were identified which also present connectivity to montane forests and paramos inside protected areas: Cutervo National Park, Huangamarca Municipal Conservation Area (Cajamarca) and Private Conservation Areas, Huiquilla and Huaylla Belén-Colcamar (Amazonas).