Model to Reduce the Risk of Tuberculosis Transmission through Tissue, Mask and Sosa Pocket Addition into DOTS System Completeness in Medan, Province of North Sumatera 2017

Abstract

Prevalence of Tuberculosis in North Sumatera Province in 2013 was 200 per 100,000 population. Case Detection Rate in Medan in 2012 was 89.42 %, higher than national target of 70 %. Reducing the risk of transmission requires specific action to destroy the bacteria inside the sputum, can be obtained through mask usage, disposing sputum in the tissues and soaking them into SOSA pocket containing 5% klorofen (4-kloro-alfa-fenilokresol).This study aimed to compare the risk of TB transmission between intervention and non-intervention group in using SOSA pocket. The population all new TB patients with smear-positive who came to health center with highest pulmonary TB in Medan. The sample taken purposively 30 patients for intervention group which the SOSA pocket and 30 patients for non-intervention group which only mask. The design was a quasi-experiment using post-test only design with control. The risk of transmission was measured using the questionnaire after two-months application. The results presented significant reductions of transmission risk between intervention and non-intervention groups based on gender, age, education, occupation, Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) providers’ role, sputum disposing habit and the potential of transmitter source (p < 0.05). The health center are expected to educate TB patients using SOSA pocket to terminate TB transmission.