Model Studies and Modernization of a Manipulator for Tapping Spout Replacement in Continuous Steel Casting

Abstract

We study the operating conditions for the specialized tapping spout used to protect molten steel against secondary oxidation between the steel pouring ladle and the tundish in a continuous billet casting machine. The following are found to be the major factors affecting premature failure of the tapping spout: Localized damage to the tapping spout walls due to installation-related misalignment between the spout and the refractory-lined slide-gate valve, and gradual encrustation of the spout during the pour process, with oxygen lancing subsequently being required to remove the encrustation. The accuracy of spout alignment with the ladle slide gate can be improved by modifying the functional configuration of the manipulator to support self-alignment of the spout to its proper location. The wear on the spout can be reduced by using a pneumatic vibrator to induce vibration, and this has been confirmed by laboratory studies using a model experiment. The proposed modernization of the manipulator will enhance tapping spout operating efficiency by reducing premature tapping spout failures.