Abstract
The dynamics of hydrogen in metals with mixed grain structure is not well understood at a microscopic scale. One of the biggest issues facing the hydrogen economy is “hydrogen embrittlement” of metal induced by hydrogen entering and diffusing into the material. Hydrogen diffusion in metallic materials is difficult to grasp owing to the non-uniform compositions and structures of metal. Here a time-resolved “operando hydrogen microscope” was used to interpret local diffusion behaviour of hydrogen in the microstructure of a stainless steel with austenite and martensite structures. The martensite/austenite ratios differed in each local region of the sample. The path of hydrogen permeation was inferred from the time evolution of hydrogen permeation in several regions. We proposed a model of hydrogen diffusion in a dual-structure material and verified the validity of the model by simulations that took into account the transfer of hydrogen at the interfaces.
Highlights
A timeresolved “operando hydrogen microscope” was used to interpret local diffusion behaviour of hydrogen in the microstructure of a stainless steel with austenite and martensite structures
We used an operando hydrogen microscope, which combines electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) and a hydrogen supply system, for hydrogen visualization, and interpreted the local diffusion behaviours of hydrogen from the time evolution of hydrogen visualized at the surface
The sample we used was cold-worked stainless steel having both austenite and martensite structures; the martensite/austenite ratio was different in each region of the sample, whereas the chemical composition was uniform over the sample
Summary
A timeresolved “operando hydrogen microscope” was used to interpret local diffusion behaviour of hydrogen in the microstructure of a stainless steel with austenite and martensite structures. We measured hydrogen permeation in several local regions of a sample of cold-worked dual-phase SUS304 stainless steel, with each region having a different martensite/austenite ratio.
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