Abstract
<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">Artykuł dotyczy aktualnego i istotnego problemu zagrożenia bankructwem banków spółdzielczych<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> w Polsce oraz opracowanego w tym kontekście modelu systemu ochrony instytucjonalnej (IPS) w polskich<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> bankach spółdzielczych. Takie systemy zostały utworzone w dwóch stowarzyszeniach krajowych banków<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> spółdzielczych jako spółdzielnie zarządzające programem ochrony instytucjonalnej (IPS). Zobowiązywa<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">ły do tego również regulacje europejskie, w tym dyrektywa UE, poprzez wprowadzenie odpowiednich<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> przepisów w ramach pakietu CRD IV/CRR. Celem autorów było potwierdzenie, czy system IPS znacząco<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> poprawia bezpieczeństwo stowarzyszeń banków spółdzielczych i poszczególnych banków będących ich<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> członkami. Podkreślono przy tym konieczność objęcia takim systemem wszystkich banków spółdzielczych,<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> wówczas bowiem będzie możliwa całościowa analiza funkcjonowania takiego systemu, z uwzględnieniem jego głównych zalet i barier. Autorzy przeprowadzili własne studium przypadku oparte na Systemie<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> Ochrony Zrzeszenia <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>– </em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">BPS.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Highlights
At some stage of the fairly dynamic development of cooperative banks, threats appeared that must be neutralized by organizations selected from the cooperative banking sector in Poland
Institutional protection systems were established in two associations of national cooperative banks as cooperatives managing the Institutional Protection Scheme (IPS)
The protection system consists of liquidity support mechanisms based on mandatory deposit and solvency support mechanisms, which are themselves based on the aid fund which, in the BPS Association Protection System was named the Collateral Fund and in the second association was the Assistance Fund managed by IPS-SGB
Summary
At some stage of the fairly dynamic development of cooperative banks, threats appeared that must be neutralized by organizations selected from the cooperative banking sector in Poland. Institutional protection systems were established in two associations of national cooperative banks as cooperatives managing the Institutional Protection Scheme (IPS). The Polish cooperative banking sector was in need of such a solution, and the EU directive, by introducing appropriate provisions under the CRD IV/CRR package, undoubtedly accelerated the implementation of this liquidity risk management concept. The protection system is not an external supervisory institution but a cooperative whose members are individual banks, while simultaneously being a separate institution from the associating bank which facilitates the exercise of the supervisory function without fear of yielding to external pressure. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the need for the functioning of institutional protection systems in cooperative banks. The thesis of the article is as follows: the IPS system significantly improves the security. C research methods: analysis of literature, legal acts, statistical data and case study
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