Model of Environmental Communication with Gender Perspective in Resolving Environmental Conflict in Urban Area (Study on the Role of Women's Activist in Sustainable Environmental Conflict Management)

Abstract

Conflicts over natural resources in urban areas have led to the reduction in the quality and capacity of the environment which transformed into an environmental conflict. The participation and involvement of women as environmental activists are very important in the environmental communication process and environmental conflict resolution. This study aims to identify factors that influence the activity of environmental communication by women activists in resolving environmental conflicts in urban areas caused by environmental problems, as the consequence of city change project that was not well planned. The study was conducted in three study sites, Jakarta, Tasikmalaya, and Malang, by distributing questionnaires to 140 respondents consisting of women activists who care about environmental activities. To analyze the relationship between these components, this research was carried out by regression analysis followed by path analysis. Hypothesis test results showed, with the results of correlation coefficient of 0.837, this shows the relation X1, X2, X3, and Y is a strong relationship, and all three basically independent variables have influence and can explain the dependent variable with a value of 69.3%. Theoretically, this indicates that the variable X3 (understanding of the situation of environmental conflict), the main factor that affects the individual's ability to communicate to resolve environmental conflicts. The finding of this research indicates an existence of environmental communication model with gender perspective from women activists that are engaged in the environmental field which can contribute in environmental conflict management in urban areas in the research site, to achieve environmental security.