Model for Ion-Exchanged Waveguides in Glass

Abstract

An analytical model describing refractive index profiles in ion-exchanged glass waveguides is presented. Polarizability, volume, and stress-state changes are accounted for. Index distribution is given in terms of known or measurable physical parameters. Model predictions compare favorably with experimental results of field-assisted ion-exchanged waveguides fabricated in 7740 borosilicate glass. Experimental characterization of the index changes includes prism coupling, microprobe, and photoelastic measurements.