Abstract
Cold model experiments were carried out to understand the dispersion of particles introduced into a water bath and a mercury bath by a plunging jet. The particles were uniformly dispersed in the whole bath in a short time regardless of the density and diameter of the particles under the conditions considered. The results imply that small particles can also be uniformly dispersed in molten steel baths by using a plunging jet. Two time scales were introduced to characterize the dispersion of particles. One is time for the plunging jet to reach the bottom wall of the vessel. The other is time for the particles to uniformly disperse in the whole bath. Empirical equations for the two time scales were derived.
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