Abstract
The molecular and cellular processes driving the formation of secondary lymphoid tissues have been extensively studied using a combination of mouse knockouts, lineage-specific reporter mice, gene expression analysis, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. However, the mechanisms driving the formation and function of tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT) experimental techniques have proven to be more enigmatic and controversial due to differences between experimental models and human disease pathology. Systems-based approaches including data-driven biological network analysis (gene interaction network, metabolic pathway network, cell–cell signaling, and cascade networks) and mechanistic modeling afford a novel perspective from which to understand TLT formation and identify mechanisms that may lead to the resolution of tissue pathology. In this perspective, we make the case for applying model-driven experimentation using two case studies, which combined simulations with experiments to identify mechanisms driving lymphoid tissue formation and function, and then discuss potential applications of this experimental paradigm to identify novel therapeutic targets for TLT pathology.
Highlights
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Inflammation, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
We make the case for applying model-driven experimentation using two case studies, which combined simulations with experiments to identify mechanisms driving lymphoid tissue formation and function, and discuss potential applications of this experimental paradigm to identify novel therapeutic targets for tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT) pathology
Secondary lymphoid tissues form in a process dependent on the RARrelated orphan receptor gamma transcription factor expressing lymphoid tissue inducer cells (LTi) responding to localized chemotactic gradients leading to the formation of lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer’s patches (PPs) in a lymphotoxin β (LTβ)dependent process [2]
Summary
Systemsbased approaches including data-driven biological network analysis (gene interaction network, metabolic pathway network, cell–cell signaling, and cascade networks) and mechanistic modeling afford a novel perspective from which to understand TLT formation and identify mechanisms that may lead to the resolution of tissue pathology. In this perspective, we make the case for applying model-driven experimentation using two case studies, which combined simulations with experiments to identify mechanisms driving lymphoid tissue formation and function, and discuss potential applications of this experimental paradigm to identify novel therapeutic targets for TLT pathology
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