Abstract
Microturbines can be used not only in models and education but also to propel UAVs. However, their wider adoption is limited by their relatively low efficiency and durability. Validated simulation models are required to monitor their performance, improve their lifetime, and to design engine control systems. This study aims at developing a numerical model of a micro gas turbine intended for prediction and prognostics of engine performance. To build a reliable zero-dimensional model, the available compressor and turbine maps were scaled to the available test bench data with the least squares method, to meet the performance of the engine achieved during bench and flight tests. A steady-state aeroengine model was implemented in the Gas turbine Simulation Program (GSP) and was compared with experimental operating points. The selected flight data were then used as input for the transient engine model. The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) and fuel flow were chosen as the two key parameters to validate the model, comparing the numerical predicted values with the experimental ones. The observed difference between the model and the flight data was lower than 3% for both EGT and fuel flow.
Highlights
Microturbines are scaled-down turboshafts or turbojets with rotating components similar to those used in piston engine turbochargers [1,2]
The use of propelling Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or Light Personal Aircraft has been increasing over the last years [7,8,9], as more producers offer many types of micro and small turbojets or turboprops in a wide range of classes [10,11]
The components are ‘sized’ to the design point using data from the Design tab sheet of Component settings, and the component maps are not used. This kind of simulation is always necessary before Off-Design, Steady-State or Transient calculations since the design point is used as the reference point for off-design operating points
Summary
Microturbines are scaled-down turboshafts or turbojets with rotating components similar to those used in piston engine turbochargers [1,2]. They have a single- or doublestage radial compressor and a radial or axial turbine. Research to understand the behaviour and performance of microturbines [13,14] is critical, by implementing simulation models. They can be used, among others, to improve engine performance by converting micro turbojets to turbofans [15,16] or optimizing their exhaust nozzle [17,18]
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