MODEL AND METHOD OF CONTROLLED PYROLYSIS OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES OF VARIABLE COMPOSITION

Abstract

The issues of organization of the process of slow pyrolysis of organic substances, in the general case of unknown and variable composition, are considered. The relevance of the work is determined by considering the possibility of using various organic waste (domestic, agricultural, industrial) without their preliminary sorting and drying to obtain secondary energy resources of a known (controlled) composition. The novelty of the work is due to the development of a model for the method of controlled pyrolysis or gasification of organic substances with a minimum amount of solid residues at a maximum calorific value of the resulting mixture of combustible gases. A process based on filtration combustion in superadiabatic mode is considered. In existing devices, when this mode is implemented, a counter flow of the feedstock and reaction products is organized. As a result, a part of the water vapor generated at the drying stage is part of the mixture of reaction products and, accordingly, reduce their energy value. The scheme of the process proposed for consideration is based on the organization of the associated flow of feedstock and reaction products. As a result, the resulting carbon dioxide and water vapor are used as additional oxidizing agents. As a result, the carbonaceous residue decreases with a simultaneous increase in the composition of the mixture of gaseous products of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. A scheme for real-time monitoring of the composition of the feedstock during pyrolysis (gasification) is proposed. Knowledge of the composition makes it possible to control the process of its processing in order to: a) organize the optimal gasification process in terms of maximizing the amount and energy value of the mixture of gaseous reaction products; b) control the consumption of the processed feedstock in order to produce the required amount of product gas at any given time.