Abstract
High-frequency bottom scattering, generally, can be attributed to bottom interface roughness and volume inhomogeneities. The full grazing angle (0–90 deg) intensity envelope model of high-frequency bottom backscattering generated by these two kinds of mechanism was presented. Small-slope approximation method was used to explain bottom roughness backscattering. Bottom volume scattering coefficient was used to calculate bottom volume scattering assuming the volume scattering is homogeneous. The model incorporates the shape of transmitted pulse, directionality of transducer, scattering area, bottom characteristic, and so on. Tank experiment result shows the bottom roughness is the key factor to fine sand bottom backscattering. This backscattering intensity envelope model is useful for the application of bottom backscattering signal, such as sediment classification and geoacoustic inversion. [Work supported by the NSFC.]
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