Abstract
The mode hops that take place in a single-frequency argon-ion laser as its intracavity etalon is tuned are studied experimentally. The mode hop is shown to occur when the etalon resonance frequency has passed beyond the half-way point between the two relevant modes. At higher laser powers, it is necessary to tune the etalon even beyond the sub-threshold mode resonance to induce the mode hop. A theory is presented which explains these hysteresis effects in terms of the gain experienced within the sub-threshold longitudinal modes. The value of this gain is shown to be strongly influenced by a four-wave mixing process which couples the sub-threshold modes on either side of the lasing mode.
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