Abstract

5G and beyond networks will offer multiple communication modes including device-to-device and multi-hop cellular (or UE-to-network relay) communications. Several studies have shown that these modes can significantly improve the Quality of Service (QoS), the spectrum and energy efficiency, and the network capacity. Recent studies have demonstrated that further gains can be achieved when integrating demand-driven opportunistic networking into Multi-Hop Cellular Networks (MCN). In opportunistic MCN connections, devices can exploit the delay tolerance of many mobile data services to search for the most efficient connections between nodes. The availability of multiple communication modes requires mode selection schemes capable to decide the optimum mode for each transmission. Mode selection schemes have been previously proposed to account for the introduction of D2D and MCN. However, existing mode selection schemes cannot integrate opportunistic MCN connections into the selection process. This paper advances the state of the art by proposing the first mode selection scheme capable to integrate opportunistic MCN communications within 5G and beyond networks. The conducted analysis demonstrates the potential of opportunistic MCN communications, and the capability of the proposed mode selection scheme to select the most adequate communication mode.

Highlights

  • 5G and beyond mobile networks must support the continuously increasing data traffic demand and the digitalization of key vertical sectors [1]. 5G networks mainly rely to date on infrastructure-centric solutions

  • This paper advances the state of the art by proposing the first mode selection scheme capable to include opportunistic Multi-Hop Cellular Networks (MCN) communications in the mode selection process

  • The proposal is based on the authors’ original BRISK scheme [16] that evaluates the benefits and risks of candidate communication modes in the selection process. This scheme is here extended to account for the possibility to utilize opportunistic MCN connections

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Summary

RELATED WORK

The development of D2D and MCN within 5G has triggered research on the design of mode selection schemes. Trying to establish an MCN connection has the risk of not being able to find the adequate relay nodes to outperform conventional cellular communications This risk can significantly impact the end-user QoS and generate unnecessary network signalling overhead. Reference [12] proposes a mode selection scheme for scenarios where D2D links in an MCN connection share radio resources with cellular users. The proposal is based on the authors’ original BRISK scheme [16] that evaluates the benefits and risks of candidate communication modes in the selection process This scheme is here extended to account for the possibility to utilize opportunistic MCN connections. The expected QoS is estimated taking into account the benefits and risks of each communication mode: Benefit i m

Benefit i m and
The expected
The risk

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