Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the mode selection strategies for a new device-to-device (D2D) pair becoming active in a network with a number of existing D2D sensors or users coexisting with cellular users in a D2D-enabled heterogeneous network. Specifically, we propose two selection rules, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR)-based and the capacity-based, combined with two sets of different precoding schemes and discuss their impacts on the system under a variety of scenarios. While the cooperative block diagonalization (BD) among the cellular users combined with the zero-forcing (ZF) precoding among D2D users can eliminate interference observed at the new D2D receiving sensor, the maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise-ratio (SLNR) precoding is often a preferred option due to low-complexity implementations and comparable performance. We note that the two selection rules, the SINR-based and the capacity-based, considered in this paper impact on the system differently, with interesting tradeoff from different perspectives. Finally, we provide insights by simulations into the best selection among the three modes depending on a variety of use cases in the network.
Highlights
We assume that channel state information (CSI) between the base station (BS) and the cellular users and between the D2D pairs is available at the BS and at the cellular users to allow for the precoding in a centralized and coordinated fashion
We have studied the mode selection strategies for a new D2D pair becoming active in a network with a number of active D2D pairs coexisting with cellular users in a heterogeneous network
The selection rules based on the SINR and the sum capacity combined with different precoding schemes have been investigated under a variety of scenarios
Summary
We have witnessed an enormous growth of both the amount of mobile broadband traffic and the user demand for faster data access due to the fast development communication technologies, in applications of smart devices or Internet-of-Things (IoT). 3.3 ZB(Zettabyte) per year by 2021 [1] Such massive user demand for higher data rates has been pushing researchers to seek new paradigms to revolutionize the traditional communication methods of cellular networks. Data transmissions between two users are hierarchically accomplished through the core network where the base station (BS) serves as a critical communication and control element in establishing a link between the two users. The physical layer and media access control layer functionalities are governed by the BS While this hierarchical structure has been successful in modern centralized cellular networks, there are still occasions that a non-hierarchical cell-free structure would be preferred for more efficient communications, e.g., communications between a group of people watching a ball game in a stadium. Whether the D2D mode is beneficial to the new users with multiple existing D2D pairs is still an open problem worth investigation
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