Abstract
We report a 2×2 broadband and fabrication tolerant mode-evolution-based 3dB coupler based on silicon-on-insulator rib waveguides. The operating principle of the coupler is based on the adiabatic evolution of local eigenmodes. The key element of the device is an adiabatically tapered mode evolution region, which converts two dissimilar waveguides into two identical waveguides. Contrary to conventional designs using a linear taper function where the device adiabaticity is uneven during evolution, we use the fast quasiadiabatic approach to homogenize the adiabaticity of the device, leading to a shortcut to adiabaticity. Devices with an optimized taper region of 26.3μm are designed and fabricated in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible process with 193nm deep ultraviolet lithography. The measured devices exhibit a broadband 3 dB±0.5 dB splitting within a bandwidth of 100nm, uniformly across a 200-mm wafer, showing good tolerance against fabrication variations.
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