Abstract
In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a fiber with a trefoil cross section. This may be regarded as a preliminary study of a waveguide in which three cores are embedded in a common cladding. By choosing an appropriate coordinate system, the scalar wave equation is solved, and thereby the characteristic equation for the guided modes under the weak guidance approximation is derived. To understand the basic modal properties in a simple manner, the cutoff equation is derived, and the modal cutoff properties of some modes are determined numerically. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 16: 85–89, 1997.
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