Abstract
We compare several methods for modal analysis that have been applied to Caribbean steelpans. Holographic interferometry offers the best spatial resolution of operating deflection shapes, and hence of normal modes. Recording holographs on photographic film tends to be rather time consuming, however. Electronic TV holography, on the other hand, offers the opportunity to observe vibration motion nearly in real time. Striking a steelpan with an instrumented force hammer excites many modes at once, and a computer program is used to determine the normal modes by means of a curve-fitting program. In the oldest method of modal analysis (and still a useful one), a fine powder is sprinkled on the surface of a steelpan vibrating at the frequency of a given mode. The powder collects at the nodal lines, providing a Chladni pattern or map of that mode.
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