Mobilized Thermal Energy Storage for Waste Heat Recovery and Utilization-Discussion on Crucial Technology Aspects

Abstract

Changes observed in the Polish energy sector, including the demand for and use of heat, require the introduction of appropriate measures aimed at diversifying the available heat sources, increasing the share of renewable and low-emission sources in heat production, and increasing waste heat recovery and its usage. There is an increasing emphasis on issues such as reducing the carbon footprint, reducing pollution, reducing the use of raw materials, reducing waste heat, and improving the energy efficiency of businesses. Increasingly, the question arises—what technologies can be used as an answer to the identified problems and needs. The solution proposed in this publication to support these needs is the use of mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) technology. The use of this technology has great potential, but also involves a number of conditions that need to be taken into account when undertaking the design, construction, and use of this type of technology. The primary purpose of this publication is to provide a detailed description of mobilized thermal energy storage technology, together with a discussion of the various practical aspects associated with the design and use of M-TES. Technology was discussed both in terms of application, but also in terms of specific areas. In the first case—step-by-step, from the design stage to the end-of-life stage. In the second case—one area at a time, including: technical, legal, economic, and environmental. The discussion of the technology is preceded by an analysis of the existing solutions presented in this area. The state-of-the-art shows that, despite the growing interest in the subject, there are still a small number of solutions in this area that have been implemented and are in use. The conducted analysis shows that M-TES is a solution with great potential. However, it is necessary to develop it, especially in the technological, as well as economical, areas.