Abstract
Background. The vegetation in Astrakhan Province has for a long time attracted the interest of natural scientists. However, due to inaccessibility of a number of habitats and ‘landscape ϐluidity’ in the Volga-Akhtuba ϐloodplain and the Volga estuary, not all of its areas have been explored comprehensively enough. The local vast resources of useful plants of arid steppes and deserts, including crop wild relatives (CWR), have until now remained unused. Studying and mobilizing valuable plant samples, forms and species from natural communities would help to preserve the bioresources of desertiϐied steppes and deserts, and enhance their utilization in arid areas.Methods. The collecting mission’s route passed through Chernoyarsky, Yenotaevsky, Narimanovsky, Krasnoyarsky, Kharabalinsky, Akhtubinsky, Privolzhsky, Kamyzyaksky, Limansky and Ikryaninsky districts of Astrakhan Province. With the itinerary-based method of surveying, the explorations were carried out from August 12 through August 30, 2017. The length of the route was 2,467 km. Coordinates of the collecting sites and altitudes above sea level were identiϐied with a Garmin etrex 20x navigation device.Results. The diversity of CWR and landraces was explored in various natural ecosystems of the Volga river basin. Sixty-eight phytocenoses were described, and 160 seed samples of 39 plant species (25 genera) were collected, representing old landraces and wild relatives of fodder, fruit, cereal, vegetable and ϐiber crops. Many of the collected plant forms and populations with valuable biological traits deserve to be included in introduction trials and breeding programs, especially those that may serve as sources of heat, drought and salt tolerance.
Highlights
Значительные ресурсы полезных растении аридных степеи и пустынь региона до сих пор практически не используются
The vegetation in Astrakhan Province has for a long time attracted the interest of natural scientists
Studying and mobilizing valuable plant samples, forms and species from natural communities would help to preserve the bioresources of deserti ied steppes and deserts, and enhance their utilization in arid areas
Summary
Актуальность Растительность Астраханскои области с давних пор привлекала естествоиспытателеи. Тем не менее следует констатировать, что из-за труднодоступности ряда местообитании и «подвижности» ландшафтов в Волго-Ахтубинскои поиме и дельте Волги изза постоянного взаимодеиствия рек и моря не все раионы исследованы достаточно полно. Значительные ресурсы полезных растении аридных степеи и пустынь региона до сих пор практически не используются. Изучение и мобилизация ценных образцов, форм и видов из природных растительных сообществ позволит сохранить биоресурсы опустыненных степеи и пустынь и увеличить их использование в аридных зонах. Маршрут экспедиции проходил по Черноярскому, Енотаевскому, Наримановскому, Красноярскому, Харабалинскому, Ахтубинскому, Приволжскому, Камызякскому, Икрянинскому и Лиманскому раионам Астраханскои области. Было проведено изучение разнообразия дикорастущих родичеи культурных растении и староместных сортов в различных природных комплексах бассеина р. Описано 68 фитоценозов, собрано 160 образцов семян 39 видов (25 родов) староместных сортов и диких родичеи кормовых, плодовых, зерновых, овощных и технических культур. Многие из привлеченных в коллекцию форм и популяции заслуживают по своим ценным биологическим признакам интродукционного испытания и вовлечения в селекцию, особенно, как источники жаро-, засухо- и солеустоичивости
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