Mobilization of endogenous neural stem cells for myelin repair

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Mobilization of endogenous neural stem cells for myelin repair Myriam Cayre1* 1 Universite Aix-Marseille-2, Campus de Luminy, UMR 6216 CNRS, IBDML, case 907, France In the adult brain, a pool of neural stem cells resides in the subventricular zone (SVZ), including oligodendrocyte progenitors. One strategy to enhance myelin repair properties of SVZ progenitors is to control their migration behaviour and to favour their exit from the rostral migratory stream (RMS) leading them to the olfactory bulb (OB). We evidenced that SVZ progenitors grafted in white matter tracts of the intact adult forebrain can migrate along them and give rise efficiently to myelinating oligodendrocytes. Thus, one limiting step in the repair process seems to be the capacity of progenitors to exit the RMS, which we attempted to overcome by several approaches. We first demonstrated that environmental enrichment associated with physical exercise promotes SVZ cell mobilization in the context of demyelinating lesions. Among candidate neurotrophin mediators, we focused on EGF and showed that intranasal HB-EGF administration, which robustly stimulates neural progenitor cell proliferation, promotes SVZ cell recruitment towards demyelinated lesions as well, but commits SVZ-recruited cells toward an astroglial phenotype. Then we targeted molecules that modulate the migration of SVZ progenitor cells such as the intrinsic glycoprotein Reelin. Using grafts of SVZ progenitors engineered to produce Reelin, we showed that ectopic expression of Reelin in the corpus callosum increased migration of SVZ and RMS progenitors toward periventricular structures. In vitro, Reelin influences neuronal and astrocytic differentiation of cultured neural stem/progenitor cells. Finally, we used microarray analysis to decipher the mechanisms underlying the migration of SVZ progenitors to the subcortical white matter in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. Keywords: adult neurogenesis, brain lesions, cell migration, oligodendrocyte progenitors Conference: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience , Alexandria, Egypt, 13 Dec - 16 Dec, 2009. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Symposium 13 – Physiological involvement of neurogenic niches: from stem cells to clinics Citation: Cayre M (2009). Mobilization of endogenous neural stem cells for myelin repair. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience . doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.01.2009.16.056 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 19 Nov 2009; Published Online: 19 Nov 2009. * Correspondence: Myriam Cayre, Universite Aix-Marseille-2, Campus de Luminy, UMR 6216 CNRS, IBDML, case 907, 13331 Marseille, France, cayre@ibdml.univ-mrs.fr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Myriam Cayre Google Myriam Cayre Google Scholar Myriam Cayre PubMed Myriam Cayre Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.