Abstract
In underwater wireless sensor networks, sensor position information has important value in network protocols and collaborative detection. However, many challenges were introduced in positioning sensor nodes due to the complexity of the underwater environment. Aiming at the problem of the stratification effect of underwater acoustic waves, the long propagation delay of messages, as well as the mobility of sensor nodes, a mobile target localization scheme for underwater wireless sensor network is proposed based on iterative tracing. Four modules are established in the mobile target localization based on iterative tracing: the data collection and rough position estimation, the estimation and compensation of propagation delay, the node localization, and the iteration. The deviation of distance estimation due to the assumption that acoustic waves propagate along straight lines in an underwater environment is compensated by the mobile target localization based on iterative tracing, and weighted least squares estimation method is used to perform linear regression. Moreover, an interacting multiple model algorithm is put forward to reduce the positioning error caused by the mobility of sensor nodes, and the two services of node time synchronization and localization assist each other during the iteration to improve the accuracy of both parties. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve higher localization accuracy than the similar schemes, and the positioning errors caused by the above three problems can be reduced effectively.
Highlights
In recent years, the theoretical research and application of underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) technology have been widely concerned due to the continuous improvement of the application value of UWSNs in the fields of marine resource development and utilization, marine environment monitoring, and geological disaster prediction
Aiming at the problem of the stratification effect of underwater acoustic waves, the long propagation delay of messages, as well as the mobility of sensor nodes encountered in the research of UWSNs in marine environment monitoring, marine resource development and utilization, and so on, ITMTL for UWSN is proposed in this article based on iterative tracing
The bias of distance estimation caused by the assumption that acoustic waves travel along a straight line in an underwater environment will be compensated in ITMTL, and an interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm is put forward to track moving sensor nodes
Summary
The theoretical research and application of underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) technology have been widely concerned due to the continuous improvement of the application value of UWSNs in the fields of marine resource development and utilization, marine environment monitoring, and geological disaster prediction. The propagation time is regarded as the main influencing factor due to the slow acoustic signal propagation speed in UWSNs. The accuracy of the time synchronization algorithm[14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21] assumed to be instant synchronous message reception is severely affected by such long-term propagation delay, which must be estimated and compensated so as to achieve more accurate time synchronization process in UWSNs. the underwater sensor node is susceptible to movement due to other factors such as water flow, which may result in a rapid change in the position coordinates of the node. The simulation results will be analyzed and the conclusion will be provided in sections ‘‘Performance evaluation’’ and ‘‘Conclusion,’’ respectively
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
