Abstract
With the rapid and widespread adoption of mobile devices, mobile phones offer an opportunity to deliver cardiovascular disease (CVD) interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy of a mobile phone-based lifestyle intervention aimed at reducing the overall CVD risk at a health management center in Guangzhou, China. We recruited 589 workers from eight work units. Based on a group-randomized design, work units were randomly assigned either to receive the mobile phone-based lifestyle interventions or usual care. The reduction in 10-year CVD risk at 1-year follow-up for the intervention group was not statistically significant (–1.05%, p = 0.096). However, the mean risk increased significantly by 1.77% (p = 0.047) for the control group. The difference of the changes between treatment arms in CVD risk was –2.83% (p = 0.001). In addition, there were statistically significant changes for the intervention group relative to the controls, from baseline to year 1, in systolic blood pressure (–5.55 vs. 6.89 mmHg; p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (–6.61 vs. 5.62 mmHg; p < 0.001), total cholesterol (–0.36 vs. –0.10 mmol/L; p = 0.005), fasting plasma glucose (–0.31 vs. 0.02 mmol/L; p < 0.001), BMI (–0.57 vs. 0.29 kg/m2; p < 0.001), and waist hip ratio (–0.02 vs. 0.01; p < 0.001). Mobile phone-based intervention may therefore be a potential solution for reducing CVD risk in China.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in adults on a world scale [1], and is responsible for about 40% of deaths in China [2]
We developed a mobile phone-based intervention program to reduce CVD risk, which was assessed by the Chinese cardiovascular disease risk assessment method
Risk between intervention and control groups. These results suggest that mobile phone-based lifestyle intervention, including CVD risk assessment and communication, and delivering tailored health education to subjects, could effectively
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in adults on a world scale [1], and is responsible for about 40% of deaths in China [2]. Cardiovascular risk reduction programs often need much work from the providers [8] and they have not developed to reach a wide at-risk population [9] In response to these gaps, several researchers have proposed that mobile phone-based intervention for chronic diseases would be a promising way to address access, coverage, and equity. Mobile phone-based programs targeting CVD risk reduction would be a cost-effective method in countries with lower resources, such as China. In China, the cardiovascular risk prediction model has been developed, which is called “the assessment method of onset risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) within 10 years” [21] This prediction equation provides an opportunity to better estimate the overall CVD risk. We hypothesized that relative to the control group, mobile phone-based intervention would reduce the overall CVD risk
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