Abstract
In the present study, we measured fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on the daily route of our study participant in order to determine her exposure and dose of PM2.5 in every microenvironment (ME). The measuring instrument, created by Nagoya University and Panasonic Corporation, Japan, was carried close to the breathing zone most of the time. Each data point was collected for 10–30 s or 2–6 cycles/min for 24 h from 1 October 2018 to 30 December 2018. Public transportation showed the highest level of PM2.5 compared with other MEs, including residence apartments, houses (ger district), the National University of Mongolia (NUM), food courts or restaurants, and other indoor locations. The personal daily average exposure to PM2.5 was 35 µg/m3 on 4 November 2018; on the other hand, this value was evaluated as the highest level of exposure compared to other measurement days. Interestingly, the study participant‘s exposure and dose of PM2.5 was lower than those stated in the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines, with 25 µg/m3 from 4:00 to 7:00.
Highlights
According to the global ranking of mortality risk factors, air pollution is the fifth highest risk factor and ranks higher than well-known hazardous components, such as alcohol use, occupational risk, and physical inactivity [1]
We focused on determining the level of PM2.5 in every microenvironment (ME) and figuring out the relationship between the individual’s exposure and the dose of PM2.5
One of the study areas was the building of the National University of Mongolia (NUM), which is located in the center of the city
Summary
According to the global ranking of mortality risk factors, air pollution is the fifth highest risk factor and ranks higher than well-known hazardous components, such as alcohol use, occupational risk, and physical inactivity [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced that nine out of 10 people breathe air containing a high level of pollutants [2,3]. The diameter of PM2.5 , one of the major pollutants of air pollution, is less than 2.5 micrometres; it is capable of carrying various toxic materials. PM2.5 enters the human body through air exchange and reaches the ends of the pulmonary alveoli, thereby damaging other parts of the body [4,5]. The adverse effects of combustion-related air pollution are premature death, pulmonary diseases, including asthma, and an increased risk of developing cancer [7,8,9]
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