Mobile IP on Mobile Ad Hoc Networks : An Implementation and Performance Evaluation Using NS2

Abstract

Mobile computing devices equipped with transceivers form Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), when two or more of these devices find themselves within transmission range. MANETs are stand-alone (no existing infrastructure needed), autonomous networks that utilise multi-hop communication to reach nodes out of transmitter range. Unlike infrastructure networks e.g. the Internet with fixed topology, MANETs are dynamic. Despite the heterogeneous nature of these two networks, integrating MANETs with the Internet extends the network coverage area of the Internet, and adds to the application domain of MANETs. One of the many ways of combining MANETs with the Internet, is the use of Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP) alongside a MANET routing protocol, to route packets between the Internet and the MANET, via Gateway agents. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of Mobile IP on MANET in Network Simulator 2 (NS2). We have implemented Mobile IP on Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV), Ad hoc On-demand Multiple Distance Vector (AOMDV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocols, and compared performances based on Throughput, End-to-End Delay (E2ED), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and Normalized Packet Ratio (NPR). The simulation results suggest that, on-demand routing within the MANET better serves Mobile IP on MANETs.