Abstract
Chronic diseases are becoming more widespread. Treatment and monitoring of these diseases require going to hospitals frequently, which increases the burdens of hospitals and patients. Presently, advancements in wearable sensors and communication protocol contribute to enriching the healthcare system in a way that will reshape healthcare services shortly. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is the foremost of these advancements. RPM systems are based on the collection of patient vital signs extracted using invasive and noninvasive techniques, then sending them in real-time to physicians. These data may help physicians in taking the right decision at the right time. The main objective of this paper is to outline research directions on remote patient monitoring, explain the role of AI in building RPM systems, make an overview of the state of the art of RPM, its advantages, its challenges, and its probable future directions. For studying the literature, five databases have been chosen (i.e., science direct, IEEE-Explore, Springer, PubMed, and science.gov). We followed the (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) PRISMA, which is a standard methodology for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A total of 56 articles are reviewed based on the combination of a set of selected search terms including RPM, data mining, clinical decision support system, electronic health record, cloud computing, internet of things, and wireless body area network. The result of this study approved the effectiveness of RPM in improving healthcare delivery, increase diagnosis speed, and reduce costs. To this end, we also present the chronic disease monitoring system as a case study to provide enhanced solutions for RPMs.
Highlights
Chronic diseases are physical or mental conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular, obesity, stroke, etc
In this research we concentrate on the following questions: What is the main role of Remote patient monitoring (RPM) in the healthcare sector? To what extent do patients and their relatives become confident on PMs? What is the role of ontology in unifying electronic medical records across all the hospitals? What is the importance of RPMs from a physician’s perspective?
We tried to provide a comprehensive survey about RPMs
Summary
Chronic diseases are physical or mental conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular, obesity, stroke, etc. These diseases constitute the bulk of human health risks, responsible for more than two-thirds of all deaths worldwide [1]. The incidence of chronic disease has increased along with population growth, hospital capacity is insufficient to accommodate all patients. Chronic diseases require special home care to fulfill patients’ needs or administer therapy programs. Most caregivers and families do not have the time or skills, as a result, patients’ quality of life is always at risk [2]. Developing e-health systems (e.g., remote patient monitoring (RPM), electronic health record (EHR) systems, mobile health (m-health), telemedicine, e-visits, e-consultations, etc.)
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