Abstract
G A A b st ra ct s unknown. Hence, we investigated here whether the gut microbiota can affect colonic miRNAs secretion and profile. Results: High throughput technology screening the expression levels of 752 known mouse miRNAs revealed that miRNA profiles were different in the feces of GF mice compared to conventionalized mice, with 13 miRNAs deregulated in the absence of a microbiota. In order to investigate if the microbiota composition play a role in fecal miRNA profiles, germ-free C57/Bl6 mice were "conventionalized" with microbiota of WT mice, non colitic IL10-/mice or colitic IL10-/mice, and fecal miRNAs profiles were analyzed. Microbiota composition analysis confirmed that we successfully transferred the difference in composition, with clear clustering according to the microbiota transferred. Mice receiving microbiota from colitic IL10-/mice harbor a proinflammatory microbiota 49 days post conventionalization, as assayed by fecal LPS and flagellin loads, and proinflammatory potential of mice receiving microbiota from non-colitic IL10-/mice were found to be moderately elevated compare to mice receiving microbiota from WT mice. Intestinal inflammatory status of mice from the three groups was unchanged, as assessed by MPO. However, mice colonized with colitic IL10-/microbiota displayed a slight but significant increase in blood glucose level, as well as other parameters of low-grade intestinal inflammation, such as fecal Lcn-2. miRNA profile was analyzed and Principal component analysis showed a clear clustering between the 3 groups at 49 days post conventionalization, that was not observed at day 0 (before conventionalization). Interestingly, the level of some miRNAs correlate with the level of some members of the gut microbiota found to drive the difference in the microbiota composition previously observed. Conclusion: Altogether, these data showed that the microbiota composition induces drastic changes in the dynamic of fecal miRNA. Fecal miRNA signature could be used as tools for assessing the gut microbiota composition and its inflammatory potential.
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