Abstract
Various endoscopic procedures under fluoroscopic guidance are being rapidly adopted, and radiation exposure is considered to be increasing. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) ,the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) recommend establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs), which are used in medical imaging with ionizing radiation including roentgenogram, computed tomography etc, to indicate whether the patient dose and administered activity (amount of radioactive material) is unusually high or low for a given procedure.
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