Méningoencéphalite à Chlamydiae pneumoniae ?

Abstract

Meningoencephalitis attributed to Chlamydiae pneumoniae has rarely been reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 21-year-old-man admitted for a meningeal syndrome and fever associated with respiratory symptoms and a temporal syndrome. Even though the clinical presentation and certain serological results suggested Chlamydiae infection, some of the biological data raised the possibility of Epstein Barr Virus infection. Intravenous fluoroquinolone therapy led to a successful outcome. Meningoencephalitis associated with non neurological symptoms, especially respiratory symptoms, is suggestive of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. A broad spectrum antibiotic should be prescribed.