MM-410: Retrospective Analysis of Characteristics and Outcomes for Multiple Myeloma in Colombia

Abstract

Context: Multiple myeloma (MM) as a malignant hematologic entity is a disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding its characteristics in our population may help to improve diagnosis and treatment of patients. Objective: The aim of our study was to analyze clinical features and outcome factors of MM patients in two centers in Colombia and standardize them with the Colombian population. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study. Socio-demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and outcomes features from MM patients that attended two institutions in Bogota DC and Bucaramanga, Santander between 2013 and 2019 were collected. Setting: University Medical Centers. Patients: Adult patients aged 18 and older diagnosed with MM during hospitalization or in consultation with hematology services were selected. A total of 335 patients were selected, from which 319 patients met all the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis in the study. Results: The median age was 62 years IRQ [54–70], with 49.4% (n=165) males. High paraproteins in the serum were as follows: IgG 136 (49.1%), IgA 51 (18.4%), IgM 3 (1.1%), and immune paresis 42 (15.2%) but no high IgD were detected. High kappa light chain levels were found in 48.6%, while high lambda light chain levels were seen in 28.1%. One or more cytogenetic alterations were observed in 12 patients (5.6%), the most common being del13 (25%), followed by del17p13 (16,7%). Bortezomib-based therapy was used in 93.2%, the CyBorD protocol (Cyclophosphamide-Bortezomib-Dexamethasone) in 34.1%, and the VTD protocol (bortezomib thalidomide dexamethasone) in 15.5%. Bone marrow transplant was performed in 105 patients, of whom 6 required a second transplant. Patients treated with more than one line of treatment presented higher overall survival than patients with only one line of treatment. Overall survival was 83.26%, and 38 patients relapsed (16.74%). Conclusions: Survival outcomes have significantly improved, especially best response to treatment. A concise overview of clinical and prognostic factors should be taken into account at diagnosis.