Abstract
In the past 10 years, there has been a paradigm shift in our understanding of brain development and approaches to treat degenerative diseases, including those that affect the retina. The latest knowledge includes (1) the discovery that the adult brain harbors proliferating progenitors and that neurons are born throughout life, particularly in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular layer (SGL) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus 1 and (2) the observation that glia perform dual functions, providing homeostatic support and serving as the source of stem cells in the embryonic brain and the adult SVZ and SGL. 2 In contrast to the SVZ and SGL, active neurogenesis has not been detected in adult mammalian retina. However, neurogenic changes have been observed in injured retina, and the source of injury-induced neu
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