Abstract

This chapter discusses the segregation and mechanism of mixing of particulate solids. Solids mixing is an operation by which two or more particulate solid materials are divided to a certain degree of homogeneity or mixedness. Though in many processes, particularly in the production of ceramic materials, the mixing of solids is a key step, the theory of the mixing process is less developed than for other unit operations. In a mixer, mixing and demixing or segregation occur simultaneously. The extent of segregation depends on the difference in properties of the powders to be mixed and on the type of mixer. Segregation is caused by differences in size, specific gravity, shape, and roughness. The difference in size is the most important. Segregation occurs only if the particles are free flowing. Cohesive powders show little or no segregation. Nonsegregating mixers that rely mainly on convection are provided with single or multiple rotating mixing devices to transport groups of particles within the powder mass. The vessel can be horizontally or vertically mounted. It is suggested that when selecting a mixer, the process requirements and the objectives of the mixing operation should first be established.

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