Abstract
This paper discusses Constable's oil paint mediums in the last decade of his career, based on the analysis of bladders from his paint box (Manton Collection, New York). Untreated and heat-bodied poppy oil have been identified as the primary grinding mediums in the bladders. Constable also modified his paint with heat-bodied linseed oil, egg yolk, beeswax and pine resin, either during grinding or mixed on the palette. Poppy and linseed oils containing zinc and lead ‘driers’ have also been identified. Comparisons are made with medium analysis of the 1837 palette (Tate Gallery Archive SI35.6) and Constable's oil paintings. His general approach to the preparation and use of materials is discussed in relation to his ‘late’ painting style and technique.
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