Mixed pulp formulations of jambolan and acerola for the foam-mat drying process

Abstract

Jambolan is a fruit with a sweet taste, slightly bitter and astringent, with a purple color. Acerola is a popular fruit in Brazil, rich in vitamin C. Both stand out for the high content of antioxidant compounds, whose importance has generated growing interest. In view of this, the present work was carried out with the objective of elaborating formulations with the mixed pulp of jambolan and acerola, incorporating foam promoting additives for drying by the foam-mat drying method and evaluating them for the beat time, density, volumetric expansion (overrun) and foam stability according to the beat time and physicochemical characteristics. Three formulations were made with the mixed pulp, all containing 1% albumin combined with 0.5% xanthan gum, 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5% guar gum. The formulations were analyzed for stability, density, volumetric expansion, beating time, between 5 and 30 minutes, layer thickness, water content and volume drained at temperatures of 50 to 80 ºC. All the elaborated foams were suitable for drying by the foam-mat process; the best results of density, beating time, overrun, stability (volume drained), drying time and yield were obtained with the albumin/guar gum combination, followed by albumin/CMC; the incorporation of additives and the foaming mixture changed the composition of the formulations in relation to the mixed pulp (control), increasing the TSS/TTA ratio, the protein content and reducing the levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and carotenoids, yield, shorter drying time, water content in dry base and wet base.