Abstract
A simple and effective carbon-free strategy is carried out to prepare mixed molybdenum oxides as an advanced anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The new material shows a high specific capacity up to 930.6 mAh·g−1, long cycle-life (>200 cycles) and high rate capability. 1D and 2D solid-state NMR, as well as XRD data on lithiated sample (after discharge) show that the material is associated with both insertion/extraction and conversion reaction mechanisms for lithium storage. The well mixed molybdenum oxides at the microscale and the involvement of both mechanisms are considered as the key to the better electrochemical properties. The strategy can be applied to other transition metal oxides to enhance their performance as electrode materials.
Highlights
Partial oxidation or reduction strategy has been employed to improve the electrochemical properties of cathode materials, for example, controlled reduction of LiV3O8 generate LixV2O5/LiV3O8 composite with significantly improved cycling performancs and rate capability[14]
The electrolyte was prepared by dissolving 1 M LiPF6 in a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:1:1 in weight) solution while a Celgard 2325 film was used as the separator
The results show that MMO has a better rate capability compared to previous reports[26,34] It is noteworthy that this high performance is achieved without coating the active material with carbon based conductors such as graphene
Summary
Superior Performances as an Advanced Anode Material for received: 10 August 2016 accepted: 13 February 2017. A simple and effective carbon-free strategy is carried out to prepare mixed molybdenum oxides as an advanced anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Metal oxide nanostructures, especially nanostructured oxides have been prepared as anode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their short diffusion length, larger reaction surface area between the electrode and electrolyte, as well as extra space for better accommodation of the strain induced by large volume changes[6,7,8,9,10,11]. The obtained MMO exhibits a discharge capacity as high as 930.6 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 200 mA·g−1 after 200 cycles as an advanced material, indicating this material has potential for applications in lithium-ion batteries. Ltd) with a voltage window range from 5 × 10−3 to 3.0 V (vs. Li+/Li)
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