Abstract
The effects of mixed fatigue by phase-shifted electrical and mechanical loading on the material properties of a commercial lead–zirconate–titanate ceramic are presented. Both the loss in switchable polarization and strain are more pronounced than in purely unipolar electric, but much less than in bipolar electric fatigue. Fatigue-induced offsets are described. Point defect motion and point defect agglomeration are discussed as sources of fatigue in ferroelectrics. Fatigue microcracking occurs at the interface to the load pistons irrespective of Poisson’s ratio of the piston.
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