Mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic flow of hybrid nanofluid over a spinning sphere with nonlinear thermal radiation: Keller-Box approach

Abstract

This article’s primary focus is on analyzing the impact of heat generation/absorption and nonlinear thermal radiation on the mixed convective flow of hybrid nanomaterials around a rotating sphere. Due to many applications which could be encountered in spin-stabilized missiles, cooling of spinning machinery segments, medication transfer, electrolysis management, and many other industrial applications research into convective flow across a rotating sphere is progressively increasing. A combination of copper and aluminum oxide was added to the base fluid (Al2O3 − Cu/H2O) to improve its thermal conductivity. The current investigation additionally considers nanoparticles of varying shapes. Using a computational technique known as the Keller-Box method, we find a numerical solution to the fluid flow of hybrid nanofluid problem. The study uses graphical representations and in-depth explanations to show how different flow parameters affect temperature and velocity profiles. Additionally, numerical outcomes for the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number for various parameters are shown in tabular form. Rotational speed of sphere rises because tangential velocity at the boundary of the sphere increases under the influence of rotational parameter and acceleration factor. The ratio of fluid to surface temperatures (temperature ratio) rises, results in acceleration of the heat transfer rate from the hybrid nanofluid to the boundary of the rotating sphere. The findings have a wide range of enticing applications and can be useful in designing and optimizing heat transfer systems involving nanofluid.