Mixed Approach Programs in the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project: An In-Depth View

Abstract

Research Findings: Reports from the Early Head Start (EHS) Research and Evaluation Project (EHSREP) found that participation in programs that combined home-based and center-based approaches (i.e., mixed programs) had the broadest pattern of significant impacts on parents and children through age 3. Which program implementation characteristics distinguish programs that had greater impacts on children and families from those that had fewer impacts? Local research partners provided a description of key service implementation features of the mixed approach programs in the EHSREP. Through secondary analysis of EHSREP data, we compared the parent-reported intensity of service receipt over time across program approaches. We examined the impact of the type and timing of receipt of EHS services on child and family outcomes at 36 months. Practice or Policy: Qualitative results underscored the flexible responsiveness of program plans to implement services in mixed approach programs. Quantitative results showed greater intensity and duration of services received by families. Experiencing intensive home visiting early on was associated with positive parent–child interaction qualities and a more stimulating home environment. Experiencing intensive home visiting late was associated with cognitive, socioemotional, and parent outcomes. The experience of mixed approach programs follows A. J. Reynolds's (1998) recommendations for effective early childhood programming.