Abstract
The roadway construction requirements for soils are generally fixed by standards. The most common constraints involving materials are Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Max Dry Density (MDD) and bearing capacity predictable by using Proctor test and CBR test. These traditional tests are combined with other simple field tests to gain the max density. However, the use of low bearing materials such as clay and silt, and local resources is an important means of simplifying and economizing the road building still further. The main purpose of this experimental analysis is a procedure to characterize some road materials by its bearing capacity (CBR and MDD) from two simple standard tests (sieve analysis and Atterberg limits), and then a method to employ silt and/or clay in road mixture. The planned method suggests the minimal volume of high quality material in the roadway mixture added to silt and clay that must be available in the analyzed location, obtaining an ideal bearing capacity. Different soil types from various quarries and digs located in Southern Italy were used. The classic laboratory tests to assess the soil properties of all amassed study soils were carried out, i.e., the Atterberg limits and Grain Size Distribution (GSD). Correlations based on linear regression were then performed to determine the optimal combination of the properties measured with dependent CBR variables and Max Dry Density (MDD) to be predicted for low-volume roads. These equations were then validated by using four material types from outside the calibration sample.
Highlights
Rural roads, as presented in this paper, are a vital part of the infrastructure of societies: they allow a flow of goods and services throughout rural areas, support rural development, supply access to local markets, help attract teachers to rural schools and encourage rural technical support from government agencies, as well as providing a variety of other uses and benefits
Dell’Acqua et al Mix Design with Low Bearing Capacity Materials roadway construction by CBR index and max dry density obtained from simple standard tests, i.e., Atterberg limits and grain-size distribution (GSD).The proposed procedure makes it possible to determine the max percentage of material with low bearing capacity that are added to the material with high bearing capacity in the roadway blend to reach a good performance, once the desired strength of the soils to be utilized is known
Where Iq10ASTM – the percentage of mixture passing through the 10 ASTM sieve; Iq40ASTM – the percentage of mixture passing through the 40 ASTM sieve; Iq200ASTM – the percentage of mixture passing through the 200 ASTM sieve; IqPI – the Plastic Index (PI) representing the difference between the Liquid Limit (LL) and the Plastic Limit (PL)
Summary
As presented in this paper, are a vital part of the infrastructure of societies: they allow a flow of goods and services throughout rural areas, support rural development, supply access to local markets, help attract teachers to rural schools and encourage rural technical support from government agencies, as well as providing a variety of other uses and benefits. The last material is DSA variation: it is similar in gradation to DSA, but has an additional 5% due to the weight of fine clays added to the material These aggregates commonly used in Pennsylvania were compared using two different placement methods for each type of aggregate as part of a 3-year study to compare their long-term durability and cost-effectiveness. G. Dell’Acqua et al Mix Design with Low Bearing Capacity Materials roadway construction by CBR index and max dry density obtained from simple standard tests, i.e., Atterberg limits and grain-size distribution (GSD).The proposed procedure makes it possible to determine the max percentage of material with low bearing capacity (silt and/or clay) that are added to the material with high bearing capacity in the roadway blend to reach a good performance, once the desired strength of the soils to be utilized is known
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