Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most common cause of severe respiratory infections in infants and young children, often leading to hospitalization. In addition, this virus poses a serious health risk in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. HRSV is also a major nosocomial hazard in healthcare service units for patients of all ages. Therefore, the development of antiviral treatments against HRSV is a global health priority. In this study, mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthraquinone with previously reported in vitro antiprotozoal and antiviral activities, inhibits HRSV replication in vitro, but not in vivo in a mice model. These results have implications for preclinical studies of some drug candidates.
Highlights
Vitro, but Not In Vivo AntiviralHuman respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) [1] is a member of the Pneumoviridae family of the Mononegavirales order
2–3 years, most children have been infected by HRSV [2], and approximately 2–3% of infected infants must be hospitalized at higher rates than other respiratory viruses such as human metapneumovirus [3]
In Vitro Anti-HRSV Activity of Mitoxantrone dine, blocked HRSV replication measured by red protein expression of recombinant HRSV
Summary
But Not In Vivo AntiviralHuman respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) [1] is a member of the Pneumoviridae family of the Mononegavirales order. As the respiratory damage does not end with the resolution of the infection, some of these children will develop an increased risk for recurrent wheeze and asthma [4] This virus causes repeated natural infections throughout life in people of all ages [5], in healthy adults, mild infections are generally the most common clinical outcome, with a mortality risk comparable to that of influenza patients [6]. More than 3.4 million hospital admissions and approximately a quarter of a million deaths each year are associated with HRSV disease, mainly in developing countries [15,16] This virus is a major nosocomial hazard in hospital or healthcare service units for patients of all ages [17], involving an important medical as well as economic impact. Mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthraquinone derivative chemical compound licensed as an anticancer drug [18], but with in vitro antiprotozoal and antiviral activities, was tested in vitro and in vivo as antiviral candidate against HRSV infection
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