Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors Improve Heart Function and Prevent Fibrosis in Cardiomyopathy Caused by Mutation in Lamin A/C Gene

Abstract

Mutations in the lamin A/C gene, LMNA, can cause dilated cardiomyopathy. We have shown abnormal activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) branches of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade in hearts from Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice that develop dilated cardiomyopathy. We recently showed that partial inhibition of ERK and JNK signaling before the onset of cardiomyopathy in Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice prevented the development of left ventricle dilatation and decreased cardiac ejection fraction at a time when they occurred in untreated mice. To determine whether pharmacological inhibitors of ERK and JNK signaling could be clinically useful to treat cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutation, we administered them to Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice after they developed left ventricular dilatation and decreased ejection fraction. Lmna(H222P/H222P) mice were treated with ERK and JNK signaling inhibitors from 16 to 20 or, in pilot experiments, 19 to 24 weeks of age. The inhibitors blocked increased expression of RNAs encoding natriuretic peptide precursors and proteins involved in sarcomere architecture that occurred in placebo-treated mice. Echocardiography and histological analysis demonstrated that treatment prevented left ventricular end-systolic dilatation, increased ejection fraction, and decreased myocardial fibrosis. Inhibitors of ERK and JNK signaling could potentially be used to treat humans with cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations.