Abstract
Backround and Objectives: Excessive cytokine expression and nitric oxide (NO) induced by stimuli such as microbial products may be one aspect of the inflammatory response associated with bacteremia. We evaluated effects of mitogens and Mycoplasma antigens on the biological activity of human nasal fibroblast. Materials and Methods: We have undertaken a study of the kinetics of NO and interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in human nasal fibroblast culture exposed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram negative bacteria, Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), or Mycoplasma lysates. This study was designed to evaluate NO and IL-1 in the fibroblast culture supernatant by assays of nitrite ion concentration and mouse thymocyte cultivation. Results: 1) The NO production was increased by 0.01 μ/ml of LPS, all doses of SEB (0.001 -1.0 μ/ml), or all kinds of Mycoplasma lysates M. pneumoniae, M. fermentans, M. hominis), but decreased by 0.001, 0.1, and 1.0 μ/ml of LPS. 2) The IL-1 production was significantly increased by all doses of LPS (0.001 -1.0 μ/ml), SEB (0.001 -1.0 μ/ml), or Mycoplasma lysates. 3) In the culture supernatants of the fibroblast exposed to double stimuli, LPS plus SEB, LPS plus Mycoplasma lysates, the NO concentrations were higher than in those exposed to LPS alone. 4) The fibroblast responded differently to double exposure with stimuli in the production of IL-1. The IL-1 concentration increased or decreased according to doses and kinds of stimuli as compared with those exposed to LPS alone. Especially, the group exposured with LPS (0.01 μ/ml) plus Mycoplasma lysates showed highly significant increase of IL-1 as compared with the group exposed to LPS (0.01 μ/ml) alone. Conclusion: It is therefore believed that NO and IL-1 production in human nasal fibroblast incresed mostly by not only LPS, but also SEB. Moreover, its increase by Mycoplasma lysates was remarkable. Excessive NO and IL-1 production elicited by double exposure with stimuli in vivo may effect on the inflammatory reactions and cytokines production. (J Clinical Otolaryngol 1999;10:202–210)
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