Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive phytochemicals have been identified from multiple dietary plants as well as from components of alternative medicine. Preclinical studies using rodent cancer models have provided compelling experimental evidence for cancer chemopreventive effects of these phytochemicals. Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in their prodeath and chemopreventive responses. These phytochemicals inhibit mitochondrial electron transport chains causing ROS production, thus triggering apoptotic and/or autophagic cancer cell death. Although normal epithelial cells are resistant to mitochondrial perturbations by many phytochemicals, underlying mechanisms of the differential response in cancer cells versus normal cells remain elusive. This chapter reviews experimental evidence linking mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in cancer chemopreventive effects of a few promising phytochemicals.
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