Abstract
Mitochondria serve as an energy plant and participate in a variety of signaling pathways to regulate cellular metabolism, survival and immunity. Mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular in cardiomyocytes, is associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular disease, resulting in heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control processes, including post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and formation of mitochondrial-driven vesicles, play a critical role in maintenance of mitochondrial and even cellular homeostasis in physiological or pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial quality control in cardiomyocytes is able to improve cardiac function, rescue dying cardiomyocytes, and prevent the deterioration of cardiovascular disease upon external environmental stress. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding mitochondrial quality control in cardiomyocytes. We also evaluate potential targets to prevent or treat cardiovascular diseases, and highlight future research directions which will help uncover additional mechanisms underlying mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes.
Highlights
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles which play important roles in cellular homeostasis, including producing energy by oxidative phosphorylation, maintaining calcium homeostasis, and regulating the signaling that leads to programmed cell death (Giorgi et al, 2018; Sprenger and Langer, 2019)
We focus on mitophagy, a critical mitochondrial QUALITY CONTROL (QC) process for maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, and we examine the link between mitophagy and physiological and pathological changes in cardiomyocytes
Acetylation/Deacetylation Several studies have investigated the link between the lysine acetylation/deacetylation balance and mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes to understand the progress of CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD)
Summary
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles which play important roles in cellular homeostasis, including producing energy by oxidative phosphorylation, maintaining calcium homeostasis, and regulating the signaling that leads to programmed cell death (Giorgi et al, 2018; Sprenger and Langer, 2019). Multiple associations between acetylation or deacetylation and diseases have been revealed, including neuronal degeneration (Min et al, 2015; Li Y. et al, 2018), cancer (Audia and Campbell, 2016), disorders of glucose homeostasis (Mihaylova et al, 2011; Winkler et al, 2012), and cardiomyopathy(Vakhrusheva et al, 2008)
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