Abstract
espanolPresentamos las afinidades filogeneticas y el codigo de barras del ADN de Gila cf. eremica, una poblacion morfologicamente divergente y geograficamente aislada de G. eremica DeMarais, 1991. Los analisis filogeneticos mitocondriales de cyt–b, cox1 y nd2 muestran la existencia de un patron de clados dentro del linaje de G. eremica, que situa a G. cf. eremica en un clado de identidad especifica que comparte un supuesto ancestro comun con G. eremica, originario de la cuenca del rio Matape. El analisis de codigo de barras, en que se utilizo un metodo basado en caracteres del programa informatico CAOS, mostro siete caracteres puros que diferencian a G. eremica de su congenere regional G. purpurea y un caracter fijo en G. cf. eremica que lo diferencia de G. eremica. Estos resultados y la reciente deteccion de diferencias morfologicas diagnosticas entre G. cf. eremica y G. eremica sostienen la hipotesis de que Gila cf. eremica es una unidad evolutivamente significativa dentro del linaje de G. eremica. EnglishWe present the phylogenetic affinities and DNA barcode of Gila cf. eremica, a geographically isolated and morphologically divergent population from G. eremica DeMarais, 1991. Mitochondrial phylogenetic analyses of cyt–b, cox1 and nd2 show a clades pattern within the G. eremica lineage, placing G. cf. eremica in a clade of specific identity to and sharing a putative common ancestor with G. eremica from the Matape River basin. The barcoding analysis using a character–based approach of CAOS showed seven single pure characters discriminating G. eremica from its regional congener G. purpurea, and one fixed character in G. cf. eremica discriminating it from G. eremica. These results and the recent detection of diagnostic morphological differences between G. cf. eremica and G. eremica support the hypothesis of Gila cf. eremica as an significant evolutionary unit within the G. eremica lineage.
Highlights
The genus Gila, one of the most widespread groups of the family Cyprinidae in North America, includes morphologically heterogeneous fishes inhabiting waters of arid and semiarid regions of the western United States (USA) and northwestern Mexico (Miller et al, 2005)
Genetic divergence of G. eremica populations from the Sonora, San Miguel and Mátape Rivers sub– basins compared to G. cf. eremica from La Balandrona and La Pirinola canyons (Arroyo El Tigre sub–basin) was 0.44–1.14 %
The analyses showed that members of the G. eremica lineage are monophyletic (BP = 100 %, PP = 100 %) with G. purpurea as sister species (BP = 100 %, PP = 100 %), and corresponded with our results from cyt–b in regards to monophyly within the G. eremica lineage
Summary
The genus Gila, one of the most widespread groups of the family Cyprinidae in North America, includes morphologically heterogeneous fishes inhabiting waters of arid and semiarid regions of the western United States (USA) and northwestern Mexico (Miller et al, 2005) Using both mitochondrial and nuclear markers it has been observed that recent phylogenetic analyses of cyprinids in North Americaalign Gila with ten other nominal genera within a so–called Revised Western Clade (RWC) (Schönhuth et al, 2012), and suggest that Gila comprises an evolutionary lineage involving at least 18 species, including species currently recognized taxonomically in the monotypic genera Acrocheilus and Moapa (Schönhuth et al, 2014). They were resolved as monophyletic within the greater Gila lineage, and G. eremica and G. purpurea were corroborated as sister species (Schönhuth et al, 2012, 2014), as proposed by previous morphological analysis (DeMarais, 1991)
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