Abstract
Vascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis, are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endothelial cell (EC) or vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction leads to blood vessel abnormalities, which cause a series of vascular diseases. The mitochondria are the core sites of cell energy metabolism and function in blood vessel development and vascular disease pathogenesis. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion and fission, affect a variety of physiological or pathological processes. Multiple studies have confirmed the influence of mitochondrial dynamics on vascular diseases. This review discusses the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics, the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial fusion and fission, and their potential effects on ECs and VSMCs. We demonstrated the possibility of mitochondrial dynamics as a potential target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide [1]
We summarize the correlation between vascular diseases and mitochondrial dynamics with emphasis on the detailed function of mitochondrial dynamics in specific vascular disease forms and the potential therapeutic approach of mitochondrial dynamics in vascular diseases
The inner layer lined by a monolayer of Endothelial cell (EC) is closely contacted with blood; the middle layer composed of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is located at the complex extracellular matrix; and the outer layer of arteries is composed of mast cells, nerve endings, and microvessels [89]
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide [1]. Vascular diseases, atherosclerosis, are initiated at an early stage in life and remain asymptomatic for a long period until they reach advanced stages [2]. Endothelial cell (EC) activation or dysfunction is an early symptom of vascular diseases that occur at the lesion-prone sites of arterial blood vessels, where ECs display pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic phenotypes and reduced barrier function. The direct contact between ECs and circulating immune cells triggers immune reactions [5]. Another substance that plays an important role in blood vessel function is nitric oxide (NO). The etiology of vascular diseases is complex; several risk factors may contribute to their progression, including dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, oxidative stressors, angiotensin II, systemic infection, and inflammation [9]. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to cell senescence, inflammation, and apoptosis, which are characteristics of vascular diseases [15]. We summarize the correlation between vascular diseases and mitochondrial dynamics with emphasis on the detailed function of mitochondrial dynamics in specific vascular disease forms and the potential therapeutic approach of mitochondrial dynamics in vascular diseases
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
