Abstract
DNA sequence diversity in a non-coding portion of the mitochondrial genome was investigated in samples of Apis cerana from 47 locations in China. Nine haplotypes (mitochondrial genotypes) were found: Japan1, Japan2, Korea4, and Cambodia2, which were previously reported from other populations, and Chinal-5, which are new. All nine sequences belong to the Mainland mitochondrial lineage, and none differs from the Japanl haplotype by more than a single base substitution and/or a single insertion/deletion. Japanl is the most common haplotype, making up 39 of 49 sequences. Haplotype diversity was 0.4 (s.d. 0.089) and nucleotide diversity was 0.00569 (s.d. 0.00154). By both measures the Chinese samples were more diverse than those from Japan and Thailand, similar to populations from Pakistan, Burma and Korea, and less diverse than samples from Indochina (Laos-Cambodia-Vietnam).
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